The Shah Jahan's Shalimar Garden Lahore

The Shalimar Garden

After warrior in India, where the empire became stronger than the past. Mughals start designing subcontinent with art, music and culture. Shah Jahan was a boy when the first great Kashmiri gardens were built. They far surpassed the gardens of Agra, Lahore, and Delhi for their beauty, layout, and innovative uses of water. In building Shalamar, Shah Jahan sought to bring Kashmir down to the plains. The waterworks and terraces of Shalamar were unprecedented in Lahore. But gardens in other regions like Kashmir helped to shape Shah Jahan's innovations at Shalamar.Actually, there were five geographical sources of inspiration for Shalamar; Central Asia, Kashmir, Western Punjab, Persia, and the Delhi Sultanate. Try to imagine Shalamar garden as it was during Mughal times a magnificent royal stopping-place in the eastern suburbs of Lahore. In those days travelling would approach the garden on foot or on horseback. Even if one were in Lahore, it took many hours to get there. During that time, the traveler would realize how closely Shalamar garden was related to the Ravi River. The garden stood virtually alone upon the river bank.Its three broad terraces stepped majestically down to the floodplain. A broad canal led from the river to the garden, feeding hundreds of fountains, pools, and lushly irrigated plantings. The surrounding landscape seemed flat, dry, and scrubby in comparison. Shalamar garden is the real face of Shah Jahan’s creative imagination and his romance with an art and nature. The Shalimar Gardens are a Mughal garden complex located in Lahore, .Construction of the gardens began in 1637 C.E. during the reign of Emperor Shah Jahan and was completed in 1641.

The Shalimar Gardens were laid out as a Persian paradise garden. The gardens measure 658 meters by 258 meters, and cover an area of 16 hectares east of Lahore. The gardens are enclosed by a brick wall that is famous for its intricate fretwork. Shalamar Garden includes fountains, from this basin, and from the canal, rise 410 fountains, which discharge into wide marble pools. It is a credit to the creativity of Mughal engineers that even today, scientists are unable to fully comprehend the water systems and thermal engineering from architectural blueprints.The surrounding area is rendered cooler by the flowing of the fountains, which is a particular relief for visitors during Lahore's blistering summers. There few buildings include, Sawan Bhadun pavilions Naqar Khana and its buildings, Khwabgah or Sleeping chambers, Hammam or Royal bath, The Aiwan or Grand hall, etc. Moreover, In the Garden number of trees with different varieties are available and they are Almond, Apple, Apricot, Cherry, Gokcha, Mango, Mulberry, Peach, Plum, Poplar, Quince seedless, Sapling of Cypress and Sour and sweet oranges. The world first became familiar with Mughal’s artist mind in 1981 when Shalamar Garden were inscribed as UNESCO world heritage site

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The Lahore a City of Tradition

Lahore is one of the oldest city of Pakistan and the capital of the province of Punjab. This city is full of historical buildings, parks, gates and many other cultural activities. Lahore is suited on the river raavi.As it is the in Punjab, which is known as the land of five rivers.Lahore is the second largest populated city in pakistan. The city is located in the north-eastern end of Pakistan throughout history.Lahore is the historic, cultural center of the Punjab region and is the largest Punjabi city in the world. The Mughals and Sikhs had a great and splendid romance with Lahore as they both work hard in the field of arts and architecture and buildings to make Lahore beautiful and historical time to time. In the Mughal period Lahore reached the height of its splendor under the Mughal Empire, serving as its capital city for a number of years. Lahore had been called by different names throughout history.To date, there is no conclusive evidence as to when it was founded. Some historians trace the history of the city as far back as 4000 years ago.Lahore situated on the route east of the Indus River, in a region described as extending along the Jhelum, Chenab, and Ravi rivers which may have been in reference to the ancient settlement of Lahore. Lahore reached the zenith of its glory during the Mughal rule from 1524 to 1752.Many of Lahore's most renowned sites date from this period, and include the Badshahi Mosque, Wazir Khan Mosque, the Lahore Fort, and the Shalimar Gardens. After Mughal and Sikh era, British Raj came to inaction and the British East India Company first seized control of Lahore in 1846, and the remainder Punjab by 1849.At the commencement of British rule, Lahore was estimated to have a population of 120,000.In British Rule, Lahore progress and developments in modern ways. As British converted Mughal era’ building for public uses in term of colleges, university civil stations, municipal officers, such as the civil secretariat, Public Works Department, and Accountant General's Office.

A person later in British Raj, known as sir Ganga Ram design most of building in Lahore and he also known as the father of modern Lahore. Lahore is past and the present famous with its traditional sweet and spicy foods, Historical buildings, parks, Sufism, its spring festivals like miles and pleasant and spring festivals. In British rules Lahore became modern with universities and colleges and they built many famous art colleges i.e. National College of Arts, Government College, Lahore and Punjab University are famous which gave the world artist doctors, engineer’s actors and actress.Lahore remains a major tourist destination in Pakistan. Particularly the Walled City of Lahore which was renovated in 2014 is popular due to presence of UNESCO World Heritage Site's Among the most popular sights are the Lahore Fort, located in adjacent to the Walled City, is home to Sheesh Mahal, Alamgiri Gate, Naulakha pavilion, and Moti Masjid. The fort along with the adjoining Shalimar Gardens has been a UNESCO World Heritage Site since 1981.

The city is home to several ancient religious sites, including prominent Hindu temples, the Krishna Temple and Valmiki Mandir Samadhi of Ranjit Singh, also located near the Walled City, houses the funerary urns of the Sikh ruler Maharaja Ranjit Singh. The most prominent religious building is the Badshahi Mosque, constructed in 1673, it was the largest mosque in the world upon construction. Another popular site is the Wazir Khan Mosque, which is known for its extensive faience tile work was constructed in 1635.The people of Lahore celebrate many festivals and events throughout the year, blending Mughal, Western, and other traditions. Eid UL-Fitr and, Eid UL-Adha is celebrated. Many people decorate their houses and light candles to illuminate the streets and houses during public holidays; roads and businesses. The mausoleum of Ali Hujwiri, also known as Data Ganj Bakhsh or Data Sahib, is located in Lahore, and an annual URS is held every year as a big festival. Basant is a Punjabi festival marking the coming of spring.Basant celebrations in Pakistan are centered in Lahore, and people from all over the country and from abroad come to the city for the annual festivities. Kite-flying competitions traditionally take place on city rooftops during Basant. Lahore is the Hub of Punjabis Muslims and Sikhs, where these people are famous for their hospitality and also Lahore has a modern link of transports where there are airports, train stations, public and private taxis, buses available and people also speak English and Urdu along Punjabis.

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The Islamic Republic Pakistan

 
Before Separation, it was the part of the Subcontinent of India. In 1947 it became separate from India. Pakistan has the superb geographical location where its neighboring countries are India on the East, In the West Afghanistan In the North China and In the South Iran and Arabian sea. Its total area 796000KM. Pakistan has agricultural land where it has jangles, deserts, plain ground land and mountains. Which is known as the Himalayas. The world’s 2nd height mountain known as K.2 is also in Pakistan. Pakistan has main seaports known as Gawadar (Quetta) and Port Qasim (Karachi)While Karachi is the biggest populated and industrial city. Karachi is also an industrial city of pakistan and generate more revenue than other parts of the pakistan.it also known as the city of educated and skillful people city. Islamabad is the capital of Pakistan and also it includes in the list of the most beautiful capitals in the world. Pakistan East, West and South side known as traditional because of old civilizations more than 5000 years old while Texila 1000 BC, Lahore and Multan (Punjab) are 1000-year-old cities. Moreover, the Pakistan, northern part is full of mountains, it includes Swat, Naran, Khaghan, Kashmir, Valley Hunza, Kailash and Murree.The big mountain strip known as the Himalayas and Koh Hindukush. Pakistan sources of incomes are agriculture (70 %) and Industrial (30%). Pakistan is the pure Islamic states 95% population is Muslim. Whereas, Christian, Hinduim, and Sikhism are other main religions and also the part of Pakistan. People in Pakistan speak English, Urdu, and some regional languages such as Punjabi, Sindhi, biology, potpourri, hindko, saraki and pasta etc.Pakistan is also known with its sports where Pakistan plays cricket, Hockey, tennis, boxing and football etc. Pakistan has honor to produce footballs in the world which many times used in football world cup. Pakistan main transportations are air, trains cross country, big road networks; Motorways, link road and metros buses and trains.

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